FACED with high inflation and bleak economic prospects nationally, the workers of Pakistan have little to celebrate this May Day. However, the state can at least resolve to improve the lot of the toiling masses, and work with the representatives of the working classes, as well as civil society, to translate lofty promises into reality. Trade unions have historically not been strong in Pakistan, and today the number of unionised workers is negligible. Moreover, a changing global scenario — starting with the fall of the Soviet Union and continuing with the triumph of neoliberalism and globalised capitalism — has resulted in labour issues falling further on the list of national priorities. In Pakistan’s case, questionable laws, such as the Musharraf-era labour ordinance (which has been repealed) as well as infighting and lack of capacity within unions has harmed the workers’ cause.

Yet the struggle to secure a living wage — and decent working conditions — for the toiling masses must continue. As labour has been devolved since the passage of the 18th Amendment, the provinces need to pick up the gauntlet and deliver on workers’ rights. For a start, each province must enforce a minimum wage that keeps pace with roaring inflation. Tycoons have resisted the enforcement of minimum wage, but the state must stand firm in this crucial area. Moreover, the state needs to ensure all employers meet occupational health and safety criteria. Far too many labourers work in hazardous conditions, and lack the relevant safety nets should accidents occur. Pressure from international unions and activists has helped change the situation for the better in the textile industry; other sectors must follow suit. The state should also bring all workers into the social security net, particularly those in the informal sector, who form the largest percentage of Pakistan’s labour force. And if multilateral lenders prescribe more ‘austerity’ for the country, the government should protect the working classes from its fallout.

Published in Dawn, May 1st, 2024